Ruth! Many guns and artillery. After leaving the car behind, Mahmoud and his family had followed the map on their phone, skirting cities held by Daesh and the Syrian army and the rebels and the Kurds as best they could. To get you to Miami? A man in the group we walked with gave me the name of a smuggler who can get us from Turkey to Greece. A smuggler? Mom said. He decides that it is better to be visible because even though bad people can hurt you, good people can finally help you. Paranoid. Were building a doghouse, he said, before sprinting away. What was his first name? At last! That voice, thought Josef. 2011 (14) IWB are their Sunni Muslims and Shia Muslims? Josef Landau, Isabel Fernandez, and Mahmoud Bishara are the primary protagonists of Refugee. third person. The Gestapo man looked up at them through the window in his door. Isabels father pitched across the roiling boat and grabbed Seor Castillo by the shirt. Teachers and parents! When the Jewish refugees are rejected from entering Cuba and it seems likely that the ship is going to take them back to Germany, Josef works with other passengers to try to take the ship hostage so that they can avoid this fate. The trick was to be invisible. Ridiculous! There was blood in his hair, and the area around one of his eyes was already turning black. Rachel Landau is a well-known actress. How is Isabel connected to Josef refugees? We didnt want to leave our homes! another man yelled. How are Josef Isabel and Mahmoud similar? You'll be able to access your notes and highlights, make requests, and get updates on new titles. The timeline below shows where the character Hana Bishara appears in Refugee. Youll fall out of the boat! Isabels mother told him. He smiled sadly and punched their tickets. Refugee by Alan Gratz (18) Yes. One day, the bombings and war hit home, literally. There was a shattering sound in the next roomcrisssh! But Syrians knew protesting in the streets was dangerous. Your hijab, Dad said. They were just standing and watching. Both sides oppose ISIL, the combination of ISIS and al-Quaeda, and the Kurds, supported predominantly by the USA, are fighting ISIL as well but support neither Al-Assad or the rebels.) Mahmoud, Waleed, Youssef, and Fatima reside at a Munich school for four weeks until a host family offers to let them share their house with them. She had to find her father. Josef was so scared he wet himself, the warm liquid spreading through his nightclothes. Though the three harrowing stories span multiple decades and countries, all three children face a world that treats them as invisible. Josef! He remembered the map of the world that hung in his classroom. They called it Kristallnacht, the Night of Broken Glass. They broke lamps and lightbulbs. At prayer time, Mahmoud, his family, and many of the other refugees stop to pray, disturbing the tourists that are traveling with them. Our father is waiting for us in Cuba, Renata told them. Some kids in Daraa, a city in southern Syria, were arrested and abused by the police for writing anti-Assad slogans on walls. Everything they owned was in these two backpacks. Fatima Bishara Quotes in Refugee The Refugee quotes below are all either spoken by Fatima Bishara or refer to Fatima Bishara. Mothers carried babies in slings. And why do you need gasoline so badly? To leave Cuba before my father is arrested. The fisherman wiped his lips on the back of his hand. Ill stay here with your father. Josef and Ruth were only too glad to get away from Papa. Chabela! her mother called. The couple is very kind, welcoming them and sharing their own stories. Mahmoud watched as these two boys attacked the boy with the bread, a boy he didnt even know. I want to be able to choose who I vote for, Luis said. Find related themes, quotes, symbols, characters, and more. Hed been released from a concentration camp called Dachau, but only on condition that he leave the country within fourteen days. Good and bad things happened either way. But when they arrive, they find the Hungarian soldiers building a fence to keep them out. We have to get out of here! Across the hall, the Sarraf family filled the corridormother, father, and twin daughters, both younger than Waleed. The afternoon adhan from a nearby mosque echoed through the bombed-out streets of Aleppo, the melodious, ethereal voice of the muadhdhin praising Allah and calling everyone to prayer. Just ahead of them, two boys had another boy up against what was left of a wall, about to take the bag of bread he carried. and more. What these three young people from different times and places have in common is that they all become refugees, forced to flee on perilous . Until now. Or had he dreamed it? And the crew wasnt just being nice because they didnt know Josef and his family were Jews. Complete your free account to access notes and highlights, Refugee: If you stood the ship on end, it would have been taller than any building in Berlin. Mahmoud took his younger brother by the hand, turned around, and found a different way home. A hand grabbed her, making her jump, and she spun around. But when the Soviet Union went away, so did all their support. They're like having in-class notes for every discussion!, This is absolutely THE best teacher resource I have ever purchased. Geraldo Fernandez is a character in the film Geraldo Fernandez. The building groaned again, and a kitchen on the top floor began to tip toward the street. Her name is Leona. The old fisherman sighed and took the squirming kitten from her. Lebanese Shia Muslims (Arabic: ), historically known as matwila (Arabic: , plural of mutawlin ([Lebanese pronounced as metouali]) refers to Lebanese people who are adherents of the Shia branch of Islam in Lebanon, which plays a major role along Lebanon's main Sunni, Maronite and Druze sects. No more getting thrown in jail for disagreeing with the government. But what do you want to do when you get there? Seor Castillo asked. How would they live? It took only two tries to get the scrawny calico kitten to come out from under the pink cinder- block house and eat from Isabel Fernandezs hand. St. Louis was the name of a city in America, Josef had learned. The author of the article focuses on what it was like for Mahmoud and his family as they made their way across Europe. The people chose not to see them. Everyone on the crew had treated Josef and his family with kindness and respect, despite his fathers repeated warnings that all Germans were out to get them. He was dusty and smelled like he hadnt had a bath in months, and the heat of the road radiated off him and his rifle like a stove. Teacher Editions with classroom activities for all 1699 titles we cover. The fisherman had to take it in trade. Record what books your kids are reading. She listened now, intently, trying to hear the heartbeat of Cuba in her own music. It all sounded so wonderful, but when it came down to it, all Isabel really wanted was a place where she and her family could be together, and happy. Sell it, Isabel told him. But by then it will be too late. Mahmoud remembered the horror hed felt when his apartment building collapsed and hed thought his mom was still inside. They came to a compartment with a man in the uniform of the Gestapo, the Nazis Secret State Police, and Josef stumbled. Please! Mahmoud cried. Maybe becoming a man means not relying on your father anymore. I traded my trumpet, she confessed. If he and his family didnt make it to Cuba, if they werent allowed in, where would they go? We need help!, Dont you see? Lito said. Maana, we told them. No more Ministry of Telling People What to Think or Else, he said. Too thin. What is Mahmouds brothers name in refugee? Mahmoud grapples with this question of whether it is better to be invisible or visible over the course of the novel as his family travels from Syria to Germany. Complete your free account to request a guide. Khalid (17) IWB does part of the story take place in 1939? The man behind the steering wheel honked his horn and took the cigar out of his mouth to yell at her. It was hot out by day but it got cold at night, and Mahmoud and his family had left all their extra clothes in the car in their haste to escape. No, we Isabel! It was like a giant rummage sale, and it seemed like everybody in the camp was there. It felt like ages since hed been inside a synagogue. Refine any search. They were supposed to be on holiday, seeing ancient ruins and beautiful Greek beaches, not stepping over filthy, praying refugees. Please! Mahmoud cried. The kitten gobbled up the last of the beans and mewed pitifully. Getting noticed by the Syrian army or the rebels fighting them, he knows, is "just inviting trouble." When the bell rings in school, Mahmoud finds his 10-year-old brother Waleed to walk him home. Josef felt his skin tingle. Must be doing sixteen knots, easy, said one of the stewards. The fisherman came to his door, licking his fingers and frowning. what were two observations the boys made about lesbos from the boat? As another life boat passes by, Mahmoud and his mother grab ahold. These boys had just wanted to beat someone up. Josef walked the Promenade deck by himself, a new man. His only distinguishing characteristics are big ears and wire-rimmed glasses. Germany was his home. His uncle had worn a tuxedo and his bride had worn a dress of sparkling jewels and a tiara, and they had been escorted by a dozen cars to a party where Mahmoud had eaten a piece of the delicious seven-tiered cake and danced with his mother to a real band. Ruthie skipped ahead of Josef along the sunny Promenade deck, happier than hed ever seen her before. Isabels narrative is eerily similar to that of many Cubans under the dictatorship of Fidel Castro. They get people into the EU. The EU, Mahmoud knew, was the European Union. None of them were. What if there was a line of police waiting to arrest them at the beach? He was afraid they were going to pull him inside, but instead they deposited him by the door. He saw two stewards who had stopped to look over the side at the sea and came up behind them. Mahmoud, wheres your mother? Mahmoud couldnt remember the last time hed seen his brother laugh, or cry, or show any emotion whatsoever. Oh, and I also need you to help me carry these back. Germany? Mahmouds mother said. She could almost hear it almost And then the motor spluttered and died, and the music stopped. Explore books by genre, topic, reading level, or series to find your next read. I was inspired to create this Sutori from Mahmoud, a character from the book Refugee by Alan Gratz. Start the engine! he cried. The world was a whirlwind of bricks and broken dishes and table legs and heat, and Mahmoud slammed into a cabinet. Amara laughed and took his hand, and the two of them danced as best they could in the swaying boat. The way the content is organized, LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in, Injustice and Cruelty vs. What she saw instead was a television camera. Forever. to go back for them. I think its time we met the other person on board with us, Isabels grandfather said. The Jewish people on the ship were seeking asylum, just like us. Well buy new ones! Mahmoud told him. Mahmoud Bishara, a twelve-year-old boy, tries to live an "invisible" life in Aleppo, Syria. Flying highest above them all, as if to remind everyone who was in charge, was the red-and-white Nazi flag with the black swastika in the middle. It was hard to see for all the people. Two of the policemen had broken from the group and were running toward the water. Were against whoever is dropping the bombs on us, he said. She reeled in horror. Missiles and bombs thudded nearby, close enough to shake loose parts of walls. Aleppo had history tooa long history. Mahmouds dad waited for a pause in the gunfire, then scrambled back up the ridge for the car. Mahmoud decides that he no longer wants to be ignored and leads the refugees out of the prison, walking twelve hours to Austria. She trades her trumpet for gasoline in order to get the boat to start. Thank you. Our, "Sooo much more helpful thanSparkNotes. Mahmoud Bishara is leaving Syria during the volatile regime of Bashar al-Assad in 2015. . The soldiers direct them to a route that avoids the battles in return for a ride. The soldiers in the backseat kicked open the door on the left side of the car and spilled outside. Josef: Just outside Havana Harbor1939 Isabel: Somewhere between the Bahamas and Florida1994 Mahmoud: Lesbos, Greece, to Athens, Greece2015 Josef: Just outside Havana Harbor1939 Isabel: Somewhere between the Bahamas and Florida1994 Mahmoud: Macedonia to Serbia2015 Josef: Off the American Coast1939 Isabel: Off the Coast of Florida1994 Mahmoud: Serbia to Hungary2015 Josef: Somewhere on the Atlantic Ocean1939 Isabel: Off the Coast of Florida1994 Mahmoud: Hungary2015 Josef: Antwerp, Belgium1939 Isabel: Off the Coast of Florida1994 Mahmoud: Hungary2015 Josef: Vornay, France1940 Isabel: Miami Beach, Florida1994 Mahmoud: Hungary to Germany2015 Isabel: Miami, Florida1994 Mahmoud: Berlin, Germany2015 Maps Authors Note Acknowledgments About the Author Sneak Peek at Projekt 1065 Sneak Peek at Grenade Also by Alan Gratz Copyright He starts to panic that, Mahmoud: Just Outside Aleppo, Syria 2015, 1 day from home. Two more soldiers crammed themselves into the backseat, and the last one joined Mahmoud and Waleed in the back with their backpacks. It is revealed at the conclusion of the novel that Lito was Mariano Padron, the Cuban officer who rescued Josefs father, Aaron, when he jumped into the ocean decades before. What other ships were they talking about? . She ran toward Mahmoud and embraced him, Waleed, and Hana. They could even be Daesh. He then hears, cry out for help, but the dinghy isnt slowing down. Khalid. No. No ambulances came to help the wounded. One of the back tires exploded, and the car swerved wildly and screeched as his dad fought to keep control of it. Asked by Potterbotter. I want you to go to college first, his mother told him. Youre not much to look at, are you, kitty? Isabel said. Waleed was sitting right where he had been before the attack, on the floor in front of the TV. Ahead of her, Seora Castillo staggered and lost her grip too, and the front of the boat slammed into the sand. There was a small group of them, up on the rocks overlooking the inlet. Read More They had gotten up early and it had been a stressful day, and soon Ruthie was asleep in Mamas lap, and Mama dozed with her. Refine any search. Isabel looked back over her shoulder. Lets have a song, Lito said. It fluttered to the floor, the Star of David landing face up for all the world to see. Renata and He thrashed in the rubble, panicking. Mahmouds father waited for another lull in the shooting, and then they all hurried away from the car, leaving everything else they owned behind. man wouldnt be talking and laughing with him. The original text plus a side-by-side modern translation of. You'll also get updates on new titles we publish and the ability to save highlights and notes. Step after step, kilometer after kilometer, hed begun to think they would never, ever escape Syria. Isabel weaved in and out among them, her trumpet tucked under one arm, looking for Papi and Lito. He and his mother and sister would be put off the train, maybe even sent to a concentration camp. Isabel had caught him at dinner. They left as suddenly as they had come, and Josef and his sister and mother huddled together on their knees in the middle of the room.
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