This announcement was also reshared on the local news outlet, MyParisTexas. 03 / Select Countries You can add more than one country or area. Security forces responded by killing four suspects and arresting 25. This Standards Bulletin from the Organization of Scientific Area Committees (OSAC) for Forensic Science provides a monthly update on: Standards moving through the OSAC Registry approval processes for published and OSAC Proposed Standards. The pension was 2,550 pesos ($125) every two months. Birth Registration: Children derive citizenship both by birth within the countrys territory and from their parents. As of June, 58 percent of women in federal prison and 51 percent in municipal and state prisons were in pretrial detention, while 42 percent of men in the federal and local judicial system were in pretrial detention, according to a report from the Secretariat of Security and Civilian Protection. Rather than receiving daily wages once a week, as mandated by law, day laborers had to meet certain harvest quotas to receive the promised wage. Femicide is a federal offense punishable by 40 to 70 years in prison. Before a strike may take place, a union must file a notice to strike with the appropriate CAB, or the appropriate labor court once they are operational. See state summaries and advisory levels below for information on your specific travel destination. INEGI found that 53 percent of women of reproductive age used modern contraception in 2018 (the most recent study). Migrants were also recruited by criminal organizations to conduct illicit activities. Wage and Hour Laws: The tripartite National Minimum Wage Commission is responsible for establishing minimum salaries. The government did not effectively enforce the law. a > September,. Bail is available for most crimes, except for those involving organized crime and a limited number of other offenses. osac mexico 2021 crime and safety report. The government increased efforts to target human smuggling organizations. The Yucatan Peninsula Campeche, Quintana Roo, and Yucatan states has not suffered the same level of escalating violence seen in other parts of Mexico; however, there is some narco-related violence that affects Cancun (usually not in the . The situation of agricultural workers remained particularly precarious, with similar patterns of exploitation throughout the sector. See the Department of States International Religious Freedom Report at https://www.state.gov/religiousfreedomreport/. The U.S. government has limited ability to provide . The CABs operate under a tripartite system with government, worker, and employer representatives, with worker representation on the CABs selected based on majority representation, which was held by entrenched nondemocratic unions that sign protection contracts with complicit employers to secure low wages. Women tended to earn substantially less than men did for the same work. The constitution and law prohibit all forms of forced or compulsory labor, but the government did not effectively enforce the law. NGOs reported no changes in the mental health system to create community services or any efforts by authorities to have independent experts monitor human rights abuses in psychiatric institutions. Arbitrary Deprivation of Life and Other Unlawful or Politically Motivated Killings, c. Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman, or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, Arrest Procedures and Treatment of Detainees, f. Arbitrary or Unlawful Interference with Privacy, Family, Home, or Correspondence, a. Standards moving through the development process at standards developing organizations (SDOs). Any corporate, non-profit, academic, faith-based or other U.S.-incorporated organization of any size with operations outside the United States may apply to join. Federal law provides citizens the ability to choose their government through free and fair periodic elections held by secret ballot and based on universal and equal suffrage. Spousal rape is criminalized in 26 of the 32 states. According to NGOs, however, the state search committees often lacked the capacity to fulfill their mandate. Pretrial Detention: Lengthy pretrial detention was a problem, and authorities did not always promptly release those detained unlawfully. Also in June a federal judge sentenced the former mayor of Chinipas, Chihuahua, Hugo Amed Schultz Alcaraz, to eight years in prison for his role in the 2017 murder of Miroslava Breach, a prominent La Jornada newspaper correspondent who reported on organized crime and corruption. Between September 2020 and June, the STPS reported conducting labor inspections in 22,350 work centers nationwide benefiting more than three million workers. Penalties were commensurate with other similar laws but were rarely enforced. Some NGOs alleged individuals who organized campaigns to discredit human rights defenders at times acted with tacit support from government officials. The 27,751 calls to the hotline in May were the most since the creation of the hotline. Contribute to chinapedia/wikipedia.en development by creating an account on GitHub. Legally mandated joint management and labor committees set standards and are responsible for overseeing workplace standards in plants and offices. The governments National Protection Mechanism to Protect Journalists and Human Rights Defenders provided panic buttons, bodyguards, and temporary relocation to journalists and human rights defenders. On the OSAC Registry. The government rarely investigated cases of alleged abusive and fraudulent recruitment practices. As part of that process, the Federal Center published a new legitimization protocol to include a mechanism that allows for submission of complaints regarding alleged irregularities that may happen prior to, during, and after the vote. The threat against journalists by organized crime was particularly high in the state of Guerrero. The pandemic severely impacted the economy, resulting in a significant increase in the number of children engaging in child labor. The order directed the Attorney General's Office to reopen the investigation into the 2014 killings of 22 civilians by members of the military in Tlatlaya, Mexico State. By law the government collected biometric data from migrants. According to the Center for Economic Research and Teaching, most criminal suspects did not receive representation until after their first custody hearing, thus making individuals vulnerable to coercion to sign false statements prior to appearing before a judge. NGOs alleged that provisions in laws threatened the privacy of internet users by forcing telecommunication companies to retain data for two years, providing real-time geolocation data to police, and allowing authorities to obtain metadata from private communications companies without a court order. This was a common practice in the maquiladora sector, in which employers forced workers to take leave at low moments in the production cycle and obliged them to work in peak seasons, including the Christmas holiday period, without the corresponding triple pay mandated by law for voluntary overtime on national holidays. On February 6, the federal Law Against Digital Harassment took effect. Criminal groups became increasingly involved in the illegal timber trade in Chihuahua, which accounted for 70 percent of the wood consumed in the country. Most formal-sector workers (70 percent) received between one and three times the minimum wage. Although the law requires entities recruiting for overseas employment to register with the STPS, there is no enforcement mechanism, and only a handful of recruiters complied. According to civil society, libel and defamation proceedings tripled from 11 cases in 2019 to 33 cases in 2020. State human rights commissions investigate state and municipal police forces and can issue similar recommendations. Between January and June, state authorities opened 129,020 new domestic violence investigations. Any work in excess of eight hours in a day is considered overtime, for which a worker is to receive double pay. In addition to shelters, womens justice centers provided services including legal, psychological, and protective; however, the number of cases far surpassed institutional capacity. In June unknown assailants killed Javier Barajas Pina in the state of Guanajuato. Horrio de atendimento: Segunda - Sexta das 17h s 21h. COMARs budget increased modestly in recent years but was not commensurate with the growth in refugee claims in the country. The government made efforts to prevent, investigate, and punish acts of disappearance involving government agents. Nationwide the CNB reported the exhumation of the remains of at least 3,025 persons in 1,749 clandestine graves between December 1, 2018, and June 30. Nevertheless, only 2 percent of schoolteachers in the country were trained to teach children with disabilities, according to the civil society organization Yo Tambien. Child Abuse: There were numerous reports of child abuse. The presidential cabinet had 19 secretariats, and as of August women headed seven. State commissions do not have uniform reporting requirements, making it difficult to compare state data and therefore compile nationwide statistics. Authorities arrested four police officers and charged them with femicide (killing a woman because of her gender). In November 2020 a judge suspended five officials from the Mexico City Prosecutor Generals Office for failing to search for Fatima within 72 hours after she went missing. In April authorities arrested 30 members of the navy and charged them with forced disappearances in Nuevo Laredo, Tamaulipas, in 2018. The STPS has the authority to order labor inspections at any time in the event of labor law violations, imminent risk to employees, or workplace accidents. Federal law provides for freedom of internal movement, foreign travel, emigration, and repatriation, and the government generally respected these rights. Indeed, the Yucatan is one of the only states in Mexico with no transnational criminal organization or terrorist group. The project collects data on organized-crime-style homicides, such as location, name of the victim, cause of death, among other relevant factors in order to identify, report, and geolocate crimes, as well as memorialize victims of violence and Reforms to the Prosecutor Generals Office split the Office for Combating Violence Against Women and the Trafficking in Persons offices in an effort to elevate these issues by giving each its own special prosecutor general. The STPS is responsible for carrying out child labor inspections and refers cases of child labor to the Prosecutor Generals Office for sanctions. Land conflicts, social and ethnic violence, or local political disputes caused other incidents. In addition to a more impartial and streamlined judicial process for labor disputes, the reforms transfer the registration of unions and collective bargaining agreements from the CABs to a new independent Federal Conciliation and Labor Registration Center. In August 2020 attackers fired multiple shots at the building housing the printing facilities of El Diario de Iguala. Inspectors generally were permitted to examine the informal sector only in response to complaints. In cases involving organized crime, the law allows authorities to hold suspects up to 96 hours before requiring them to seek judicial review. The CNB reported that during that period, of the 3,025 bodies exhumed, authorities identified 1,153 and returned 822 to their families. Children constituted 19 percent of irregular migrant flows identified by authorities; 30 percent of them were unaccompanied. Some prisons were undersubscribed, while others were overcrowded. Yet, the 2022 outlook for both the rule of law and public safety in Mexico and meaningful U.S.-Mexico security cooperation remains bleak. Relatives of victims wait in anguish for news after a shooting July 1 at a drug rehabilitation center . In July 2020 legislators approved a law making all judicial sentences public. Ecuador 2019 Crime & Safety Report: Guayaquil The current U.S. Department of State Travel Advisory at the date of this report's publication assesses Ecuador at Level 1, indicating travelers should exercise normal precautions. There is no real history of political unrest in the state. The year started under the shadow of the brutal murders of the . The OSAC Program Office is headquartered in Washington, DC and is overseen by a 34-member public-private Council. Nonetheless, Quevedo Cruz remained in detention as of September 11. We'll also touch briefly on how you . Minors were recruited or forced by cartels to traffic persons, drugs, or other goods across the border with the United States. The INE requested information from all 32 states, reviewed a sample of 1,177 of the 6,962 federal deputy candidates, and canceled the registration of three candidates for filing false reports. The investigation continued as of August 30. According to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, the median salary for full-time female employees was 19 percent less than that of full-time male employees. September had the highest incident rate, with an average of 84 women killed in each month. The law mandates that all discrimination cases, including sexual harassment, bypass formerly mandatory conciliation and proceed directly to the labor courts. On August 7, several journalist organizations, including the Puebla Network of Journalists, National Network of Journalists, Communication, and Information on Women, and International Network of Journalists with a Gender Vision, issued a statement denouncing increased levels of violence against female journalists in Puebla from security forces and criminal organizations. The Secretariat of National Defense and Secretariat of the Navy also play a role in domestic security, particularly in combating organized criminal groups. The OSAC app offers many of these tools and reports that are provided on the website. The current U.S. Department of State Travel Advisory at the date of this report's publication assesses Peru at Level 2, showing travelers should exercise increased caution. They often experienced racism and discrimination and were frequently victims of violence. In February the Attorney Generals Office arrested former Puebla governor Mario Marin and charged him with torturing journalist Lydia Cacho, who exposed Marin and several business leaders involvement in a child sex trafficking ring in 2005. Some cases dated back to the 1960s, but the vast majority occurred since 2006. A 2019 CNDH poll found six of every 10 members of the LGBTQI+ community reported experiencing discrimination in the past 12 months, and more than half suffered hate speech and physical aggression. Government officials were mostly cooperative and responsive, with the president and cabinet officials meeting with human rights organizations, such as OHCHR, IACHR, and CNDH. such as having witnessed the commission of a crime; in a 2018 report, the domestic think tank Mexico . Underage children in urban areas earned money by begging, washing windshields, selling small items, or performing in public places. The government generally exempted accompanying adults from detention to preserve family unity. In June authorities sentenced Quintana Roo police officer Miguel Mora Olvera to five years in prison for his role in torturing Cacho. Additionally, some indigenous students did not receive the breakfasts and lunches normally included in the full-time school meal program, according to a UNESCO study. There is no single independent oversight mechanism to review police actions, but many federal and state security and justice sector institutions have internal affairs units providing internal supervision and promoting best practices for transparency and accountability. Prohibition of Forced or Compulsory Labor, c. Prohibition of Child Labor and Minimum Age for Employment, d. Discrimination with Respect to Employment and Occupation. A cartel war has transformed once-tranquil Guanajuato into one of Mexico's deadliest states. Indigenous defendants who did not speak Spanish sometimes were unaware of the status of their cases and were convicted without fully understanding the documents they were instructed to sign. Some areas of Mexico have increased risk of crime and kidnapping. Under the labor reform, to negotiate a collective bargaining agreement, the union must first obtain a certificate of representativeness from the Federal Center demonstrating it has support from at least 30 percent of workers to be covered by the agreement. State labor inspectors, however, reported finding evidence of child labor, particularly in agricultural establishments. Drug traffickers involved in illegal logging recruited and kidnapped indigenous persons and children in isolated or displaced communities, withheld their wages, forced them to conduct illicit activities, and often threatened death if they tried to leave. On June 19, a dispute between factions of the Gulf cartel killed 15 persons in the state of Tamaulipas. Children performed dangerous tasks in agriculture in the production of beans, chili peppers, coffee, cucumbers, eggplants, melons, onions, tomatoes, and tobacco. Federal law sets six eight-hour days and 48 hours per week as the legal workweek. July 2022. Labor inspections focused on the formal sector, leaving informal workers with no labor law protection. This limited medias ability to investigate and report, since many of the reporters who were killed covered crime, corruption, and local politics. According to the victims mother, police detained and interrogated him without reasonable suspicion or probable cause. Of all children, 7.1 percent, or two million, were younger than the minimum age of work or worked under conditions that violated federal labor law, such as performing hazardous work. The INE sanctioned 107 persons for gender-based political violence. Respect for the Integrity of the Person, a. Authorities held some detainees under house arrest. In August 2020 a federal judge sentenced Juan Carlos El Larry Moreno Ochoa to 50 years in prison for killing Breach. Freedom of Expression, Including for Members of the Press and Other Media, b. Freedoms of Peaceful Assembly and Association, d. Freedom of Movement and the Right to Leave the Country, e. Status and Treatment of Internally Displaced Persons, Section 3. Individual employees or unions may complain directly to inspectors or safety and health officials. From January to June, the CNDH received nine complaints accusing government agents of forced disappearances, including five against the army and four against the National Guard. Defendants have the right to a presumption of innocence and to a fair and public trial without undue delay. The Catholic Multimedia Center reported that criminal groups harassed priests and other religious leaders in some parts of the country and subjected them to extortion, death threats, and intimidation. Organized criminal elements, including local and transnational gangs, and narcotics traffickers, were significant perpetrators of violent crimes and committed acts of homicide, torture, kidnapping, extortion, human trafficking, bribery, intimidation, and other threats, resulting in high levels of violence and exploitation, particularly targeting vulnerable groups.
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