how was the development of cuba and of haiti different

Garry Pierre-Pierre is a Pulitzer-prize winning, multimedia and entrepreneurial journalist. [4] Being the subject of stereotypes wasn't uncommon in Cuba, as black Cubans were often stereotyped the same way. The earliest evidence of people moving into the Caribbean islands dates to around 4000 BC. England, despite its loss to the U.S. and its friction with France, abandoned Haiti and left the country twisting in the wind for nearly a century. How was the development of Cuba and of Haiti similar and different? how was the development of cuba and of haiti different. )exports: 0 metric tons (2020 est. A massive magnitude 7.0 earthquake struck Haiti in January 2010 with an epicenter about 25 km (15 mi) west of the capital, Port-au-Prince. )exports of goods and services: 14.6% (2017 est. Cuba's communist revolution, with Soviet support, was exported throughout Latin America and Africa during the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s. ), production: 976.023 million cubic meters (2019 est. Due to the United States occupation of Haiti, many Haitians left to find work as laborers in neighboring countries like Cuba. Jose Marti led this war, and tried to keep it from becoming another race war, however, Spain is able to use propaganda to convince whites that this war is in fact another race war. )note: data are official rates; unofficial estimates are about double, revenues: $54.52 billion (2017 est. Haitian Cubans (Spanish: Haitiano-Cubano; French: Hatien Cubain; Haitian Creole: Ayisyen Kiben) are Cuban citizens of full or partial Haitian ancestry. However, a lack of resources and housing for these people leads to several of them dying from starvation and disease. While Cuba had Castro, we had the Duvaliers and as a staunch capitalist, I will take Castro over Duvalier. The rebels used this as a opportunity to spread propaganda against Spain and it does its job, causing Spain to lose a lot of its support. Cuba lies some 50 miles (80 km) west of Haiti's northern peninsula, across the Windward Passage, a strait connecting the Atlantic to the Caribbean. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. . Caribbean, island between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, 150 km south of Key West, Florida, total: 110,860 sq kmland: 109,820 sq kmwater: 1,040 sq km, total: 28.5 kmborder countries (1): US Naval Base at Guantanamo Bay 28.5 kmnote: Guantanamo Naval Base is leased by the US and remains part of Cuba, territorial sea: 12 nmcontiguous zone: 24 nmexclusive economic zone: 200 nm, tropical; moderated by trade winds; dry season (November to April); rainy season (May to October), mostly flat to rolling plains, with rugged hills and mountains in the southeast, highest point: Pico Turquino 1,974 mlowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 mmean elevation: 108 m, cobalt, nickel, iron ore, chromium, copper, salt, timber, silica, petroleum, arable land, agricultural land: 60.3% (2018 est. The third major range, known as the Matheux Mountains (Chane des Matheux) in west-central Haiti and the Trou dEau Mountains (Chane du Trou dEau) farther east, corresponds to the Sierra de Neiba in the Dominican Republic. [4][5], Haitian Cubans number 300,000 in Cuba, with Haitian Creole being the second most spoken language in the country. Irregular Cuban maritime migration has dropped significantly since FY 2016, when migrant interdictions at sea topped 5,000, but land border crossings continue. The total length of the border between the land area and the sea, including the countrys islands. )investment in fixed capital: 9.6% (2017 est. But there are similarities and Cuba and Haiti are a perfect example of this. Source: Wikipedia, 2023; city's official stats, 2023. The Citadel (Citadelle Laferrire), a fortress built by Haitian ruler Henry Christophe in the early 19th century, stands atop one of the peaks overlooking the city of Cap-Hatien and the narrow coastal plain. Last month, I spent a week in Cuba and saw a country buzzing with excitement, as people get ready to capitalize on economic opportunities that are looming on the horizon. DIAZ-CANEL was appointed First Secretary of the Communist Party on 19 April 2021 following the retirement of Raul CASTRO, and continues to serve as both president and first secretary. It has an average elevation of some 4,000 feet (1,200 metres). Since then, it has graduated 7,290 physicians from the Americas, Africa, the Mideast, Asia and Oceania. 4.7 million Haitians - nearly half the population - do not have enough to eat and 1.8 million are highly food insecure. )from petroleum and other liquids: 14.636 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est. Over 3,000 doctors have been sent to Haiti since 1998 and have educated 550 Haitians at Latin American Medical School in Havana with 567 Haitians currently studying at ELAM as of 2010. )biomass and waste: 2.7% of total installed capacity (2020 est. )1 (2014 est. According to Margaret Chan, the world should follow the example of the island in this arena and replace the curative model, inefficient and more expensive, with a prevention-based system. In 1971, the inhabitants of Saint Domingue were discontent with how France was running the colony and issues started to boil over the edge. Please select which sections you would like to print: Alternate titles: Ayti, Rpublique dHati, Repiblik Dayti, Republic of Haiti, Director of Research, National Centre for Scientific Research, Paris. Cuba already possesses many assets that can be harnessed to accomplish these goals. Perhaps if the U. S. had not interfered in Cuba, white elites could hav pressured more by Afro-Cubans to revolutionize the political and social systems of their nations, however that was not the case. The roots of the problems are different. Just upstream from the Artibonites delta in the Gulf of Gonve, some of its waters are used to irrigate the triangular Artibonite Plain. The Eastern European nation helped Cuba along, providing it with oil and other goods it needed. ), electrification - total population: 100% (2020), installed generating capacity: 7.479 million kW (2020 est. )2.9% of GDP (2018 est. The earthquake was assessed as the worst in this region over the last 200 years. how was the development of cuba and of haiti different. Cuba struggled economically, especially on the eastern side of the island. Haiti claims sovereignty over Navassa (Navase) Island, an uninhabited U.S.-administered islet about 35 miles (55 km) to the west in the Jamaica Channel. In 1915, Haitian President Jean Vilbrun Guillaume Sam was assassinated and the situation in Haiti quickly became unstable. Immigrants from the Caribbean living in the United States come from a diverse set of countries and territories, with Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Jamaica, Haiti, and Trinidad and Tobago the top origins. The Artibonite Riverthe islands longest, approximately 175 miles (280 km) longrises in the western Dominican Republic in the Cordillera Central and follows a southwestward course along the border with Haiti. )$10.28 billion (2016 est. ), Cuban pesos (CUP) per US dollar -1 (2017 est. The main political idea was that of popular sovereignty. Population density shows how cramped or spread out inhabitants are. Haiti Revolts While Cuba Complies: How Revolutionary Movements Differ in Haiti and Cuba Often the term revolution makes one think of the Revolutionary War in the American colonies. "Cubans raised funds in support of Washington's army, and soldiers from Cuba fought against the British in North America and the Caribbean," Ferrer writes of that period in Cuba: An American History (Scribner), her new, comprehensive history of Cuba's complex ties to the United States. The rituals involved in vodou strengthen community ties and help the oppressed Haitians deal with their suffering. There were very few whites left since most of them had fled out of fear and Dessalines proclamation in 1804 stated Never will any colonist of European set foot on this land as a master or proprietor.if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[250,250],'studyboss_com-box-4','ezslot_9',107,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-studyboss_com-box-4-0');if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[250,250],'studyboss_com-box-4','ezslot_10',107,'0','1'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-studyboss_com-box-4-0_1');.box-4-multi-107{border:none!important;display:block!important;float:none!important;line-height:0;margin-bottom:15px!important;margin-left:auto!important;margin-right:auto!important;margin-top:15px!important;max-width:100%!important;min-height:250px;min-width:250px;padding:0;text-align:center!important}. The Cayes Plain lies on the coast to the southeast of the peak. Both of these nations struggled for decades to gain their independent and achieve their revolutionary objectives. Also in FY 2021, 39,303 Cuban nationals presented themselves at various land border ports of entry throughout the US. An obese adult has a Body Mass Index (BMI) equal to or greater than 30. Source: Wikipedia, 2023; UNData, 2023. Most of them refer to the previous year and are updated around March of the . As Cubans attempt to recreate and develop their nation, I would say theyve emerged rather well under the embargo. Inspired in large part by the French Revolution, diverse groups in the colony of Saint-Domingue began fighting against French colonial power in 1791. The standard value-added tax (VAT) rate. ), fossil fuels: 95.5% of total installed capacity (2020 est. Haiti was the first country to stoke the ire of the international community. 02/12/2013. The U.S. reaction was swift and President Kennedy imposed an embargo that is still in place, even though the Obama administration is taking measure to lift it piece by piece. From logistical perspective, both attempts at revolution had several similarities. Vodou is decentralized and flexible. It was the primary tourist destination in the Caribbean and organized crime figures flocked there to get into the game and established successful casino operations and other attractions. This resolution will henceforth be the foundation of our constitution. Many have arrived in recent years due to natural disasters in Haiti such as the 2010 Haiti Earthquake. 23% in Germany are immigrants, children of immigrants. One of the biggest flaws in his leadership was the attempt he made at establishing an agricultural system that is all ways represented slavery, only disguised with a different name. )$2.546 billion (2016 est. The U. S. claimed to be involved with Cuba for social and moral reasons, but was mostly there for their own economic interests. The total length of the navigable inland bodies of water. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. On the UN's Human Development Index, Haiti ranked 163 out of 191 countries in 2020. Though there are these similarities, ultimately Saint Domingue (Haiti) succeeded in revolting (though not entirely, perhaps) did not finish their revolution and suffered many setbacks. To get a better idea of how large the country is, you can compare it with a soccer field, which has 0.007km. "We sincerely hope that all of the world's inhabitants . Versus uses cookies to improve your experience on the site. Shortly after taking power, Castro adopted communism as the countrys new doctrine, infuriating the U.S. at the height of its own cold war with the Soviet Union. Power failure at New York University Langone Medical Centre led to the . In 1914, the Wilson administration sent U.S. Marines into Haiti. Advertisement. The HDI is the geometric mean of normalized indices for each of the three dimensions. Source: Wikipedia, 2023. The country's property rights score is below the world average; its judicial effectiveness score is below the world average; and its government integrity . Aid and development. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. The Haitian Revolution was the only successful revolt by enslaved Black people in history, and it led to the creation of the second independent nation in the Western Hemisphere, after the United States. For years, many Haitians and their descendants in Cuba did not identify themselves as such or speak Creole. It measures the market value of all the final goods and services produced annually. The percentage of adults considered obese. The United States and Haiti have a bilateral agreement on investment guarantees that permits the U.S. International Development Finance Corporation to offer programs in Haiti. Notify me of follow-up comments by email. ), conventional long form: Republic of Cubaconventional short form: Cubalocal long form: Republica de Cubalocal short form: Cubaetymology: name derives from the Taino Indian designation for the island "coabana" meaning "great place", name: Havanageographic coordinates: 23 07 N, 82 21 Wtime difference: UTC-5 (same time as Washington, DC, during Standard Time)daylight saving time: +1hr, begins second Sunday in March; ends first Sunday in November; note - Cuba has been known to alter the schedule of DST on short notice in an attempt to conserve electricity for lightingetymology: the sites of Spanish colonial cities often retained their original Taino names; Habana, the Spanish name for the city, may be based on the name of a local Taino chief, HABAGUANEX, 15 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia) and 1 special municipality* (municipio especial); Artemisa, Camaguey, Ciego de Avila, Cienfuegos, Granma, Guantanamo, Holguin, Isla de la Juventud*, La Habana, Las Tunas, Matanzas, Mayabeque, Pinar del Rio, Sancti Spiritus, Santiago de Cuba, Villa Clara, 20 May 1902 (from Spain 10 December 1898; administered by the US from 1898 to 1902); not acknowledged by the Cuban Government as a day of independence, Triumph of the Revolution (Liberation Day), 1 January (1959), history: several previous; latest drafted 14 July 2018, approved by the National Assembly 22 December 2018, approved by referendum 24 February 2019amendments: proposed by the National Assembly of Peoples Power; passage requires approval of at least two-thirds majority of the National Assembly membership; amendments to constitutional articles on the authorities of the National Assembly, Council of State, or any rights and duties in the constitution also require approval in a referendum; constitutional articles on the Cuban political, social, and economic system cannot be amended, civil law system based on Spanish civil code, has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt, citizenship by birth: yescitizenship by descent only: yesdual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: unknown, chief of state: President Miguel DIAZ-CANEL Bermudez (since 19 April 2018); Vice President Salvador Antonio VALDES Mesa (since 10 October 2019)head of government: Prime Minister Manuel MARRERO Cruz (since 21 December 2019); Deputy Prime Ministers Ramiro VALDES Menendez, Ines Maria CHAPMAN Waugh, Jorge Luis TAPIA Fonseca, Alejandro GIL Fernandez, Ricardo CABRISAS Ruiz (since 21 December 2019), and Jorge Luis PERDOMO DI-LELLA (since 20 April 2021)cabinet: Council of Ministers proposed by the president and appointed by the National Assemblyelections/appointments: president and vice president indirectly elected by the National Assembly for a 5-year term (may be reelected for another 5-year term); election last held on 10 October 2019 (next to be held NA)election results: 2019: Miguel DIAZ-CANEL Bermudez (PCC) elected president; percent of National Assembly vote - 98.8%; Salvador Antonio VALDES Mesa (PCC) elected vice president; percent of National Assembly vote - 98.1%2018: Miguel DIAZ-CANEL Bermudez (PCC) elected president; percent of National Assembly vote - 98.8%; Salvador Antonio VALDES Mesa (PCC) elected vice president; percent of National Assembly vote - 100%note - on 19 April 2018, DIAZ-CANEL succeeded Raul CASTRO as president of the Councils of State and Ministers; on 10 October 2019 he was elected to the newly created position of President of the Republic, which replaced the position of President of the Councils of State and Ministers, description: unicameral National Assembly of People's Power or Asamblea Nacional del Poder Popular (605 seats; (586 seats filled in 2021); members directly elected by absolute majority vote; members serve 5-year terms); note 1 - the National Candidature Commission submits a slate of approved candidates; to be elected, candidates must receive more than 50% of valid votes otherwise the seat remains vacant or the Council of State can declare another election; note 2 - in July 2019, the National Assembly passed a law which reduces the number of members from 605 to 474, effective with the 2023 general electionelections: last held on 11 March 2018 (next to be held in early 2023)election results: Cuba's Communist Party is the only legal party, and officially sanctioned candidates run unopposed; composition (as of June 2021) - men 273, women 313, percent of women 53.4%, highest court(s): People's Supreme Court (consists of court president, vice president, 41 professional justices, and NA lay judges); organization includes the State Council, criminal, civil, administrative, labor, crimes against the state, and military courts)judge selection and term of office: professional judges elected by the National Assembly are not subject to a specific term; lay judges nominated by workplace collectives and neighborhood associations and elected by municipal or provincial assemblies; lay judges appointed for 5-year terms and serve up to 30 days per yearsubordinate courts: People's Provincial Courts; People's Regional Courts; People's Courts, Cuban Communist Party or PCC [Miguel DIAZ-CANEL Bermudez], ACP, ALBA, AOSIS, CELAC, EAEU (observer), FAO, G-77, IAEA, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IFAD, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, LAES, LAIA, NAM, OAS (excluded from formal participation since 1962), OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, Petrocaribe, PIF (partner), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHRC, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Lianys TORRES RIVERA (since 14 January 2021)chancery: 2630 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20009telephone: [1] (202) 797-8515 through 8518FAX: [1] (202) 797-8521email address and website: recepcion@usadc.embacuba.cuhttp://misiones.minrex.gob.cu/en/usa, chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Timothy ZUNIGA-BROWN (since 31 July 2020)embassy: Calzada between L & M Streets, Vedado, Havanamailing address: 3200 Havana Place, Washington DC 20521-3200telephone: [53] (7) 839-4100FAX: [53] (7) 839-4247email address and website: acshavana@state.govhttps://cu.usembassy.gov/, five equal horizontal bands of blue (top, center, and bottom) alternating with white; a red equilateral triangle based on the hoist side bears a white, five-pointed star in the center; the blue bands refer to the three old divisions of the island: central, occidental, and oriental; the white bands describe the purity of the independence ideal; the triangle symbolizes liberty, equality, and fraternity, while the red color stands for the blood shed in the independence struggle; the white star, called La Estrella Solitaria (the Lone Star) lights the way to freedom and was taken from the flag of Texasnote: design similar to the Puerto Rican flag, with the colors of the bands and triangle reversed, royal palm; national colors: red, white, blue, name: "La Bayamesa" (The Bayamo Song)lyrics/music: Pedro FIGUEREDOnote: adopted 1940; Pedro FIGUEREDO first performed "La Bayamesa" in 1868 during the Ten Years War against the Spanish; a leading figure in the uprising, FIGUEREDO was captured in 1870 and executed by a firing squad; just prior to the fusillade he is reputed to have shouted, "Morir por la Patria es vivir" (To die for the country is to live), a line from the anthem, total World Heritage Sites: 9 (7 cultural, 2 natural)selected World Heritage Site locales: Old Havana (c); Trinidad and the Valley de los Ingenios (c); San Pedro de la Roca Castle (c); Desembarco del Granma National Park (n); Viales Valley (c); Archaeological Landscape of the First Coffee Plantations (c); Alejandro de Humboldt National Park (n); Historic Cienfuegos (c); Historic Camagey (c), still largely state-run planned economy, although privatization increasing under new constitution; widespread protests due to lack of basic necessities and electricity; massive foreign investment increases recently; known tobacco exporter; unique oil-for-doctors relationship with Venezuela; widespread corruption, $137 billion (2017 est. Im confident that Cuba will rise again and will thrive. Haitian culture and French and Haitian Creole languages, first entered Cuba with the arrival of Haitian immigrants at the start of the 19th century. In Cuba's case, rigid central planning and stifling one-party communism are the main culprits, while Haiti is suffering the opposite problem: a slide . The Treaty of Paris established Cuban independence from Spain in 1898 and, following three-and-a-half years of subsequent US military rule, Cuba became an independent republic in 1902 after which the island experienced a string of governments mostly dominated by the military and corrupt politicians. Cuba leads the way in international solidarity. ), number of registered air carriers: 4 (2020)inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers: 18annual passenger traffic on registered air carriers: 560,754 (2018)annual freight traffic on registered air carriers: 17.76 million (2018) mt-km, total: 64over 3,047 m: 72,438 to 3,047 m: 101,524 to 2,437 m: 16914 to 1,523 m: 4under 914 m: 27 (2021), total: 69914 to 1,523 m: 11under 914 m: 58 (2021), total: 8,367 km (2017)standard gauge: 8,195 km (2017) 1.435-m gauge (124 km electrified)narrow gauge: 172 km (2017) 1.000-m gaugenote: As of 2013, 70 km of standard gauge and 12 km of narrow gauge track were not for public use, total: 60,000 km (2015)paved: 20,000 km (2001)unpaved: 40,000 km (2001), 240 km (2011) (almost all navigable inland waterways are near the mouths of rivers), total: 59by type: general cargo 12, oil tanker 7, other 40 (2021), major seaport(s): Antilla, Cienfuegos, Guantanamo, Havana, Matanzas, Mariel, Nuevitas Bay, Santiago de Cuba, Revolutionary Armed Forces (Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias, FAR): Revolutionary Army (Ejercito Revolucionario, ER), Revolutionary Navy (Marina de Guerra Revolucionaria, MGR, includes Marine Corps), Revolutionary Air and Air Defense Forces (Defensas Anti-Aereas y Fuerza Aerea Revolucionaria, DAAFAR); Paramilitary forces: Youth Labor Army (Ejercito Juvenil del Trabajo, EJT), Territorial Militia Troops (Milicia de Tropas de Territoriales, MTT), Civil Defense Force; Ministry of Interior: Border Guards, State Security, National Revolutionary Police (2022), 4.2% of GDP (2020 est. On top of recent drought and flooding, Haiti is still trying to get back on its feet after the 2010 earthquake. However, a revolution implies grand economic, political, and/or social change and the colonies' standing in all three of these spheres remained relatively the same after the war was over. republic with two legislative houses (Senate [30]; Chamber of Deputies [99]), Central Intelligence Agency - The World Factbook - Haiti, Haiti - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), Haiti - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up), Disgraced ex-Haitian soccer president announces he's back, Ex-UN official: Haitians must be part of solution to chaos, Canada to deploy navy vessels to Haiti as violence worsens, US arrests 4 tied to assassination of Haitian president, Correction: Haiti-US-Stalled Adoptions story. The percentage of the countrys population living below the poverty line, as reported by official statistics. Spain could do little to protect plantation owners and thus lost support. )$134.8 billion (2016 est. The Brits were supposed to be Haitis trading partner and help with its standing in the world. )female: 10.3% (2020 est. ODA data is collected, verified and made . )imports of goods and services: -12.7% (2017 est. SLE includes primary to tertiary education. )consumption: 4,000 metric tons (2020 est. [8], Majority of Haitians are Catholic but vodou is also present behind the scenes. Castro, for all of his faults, left a well-educated and proud populace. Obviously no two countries are exactly alike and in this case its no different. According to the World Health Organization, there should be more than 2.3 health workers per 1,000 people in order to cover the primary healthcare needs. )imports: 4,000 metric tons (2020 est. )spirits: 2.69 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est. )transmission/distribution losses: 3.429 billion kWh (2019 est. Estimates are that over 300,000 people were killed and some 1.5 million left homeless. HAVANA, Cuba - Haitians and Cubans have been allies for quite some time, and that bond remains to this day. Various facts, figures, measures and indicators are listed allowing similarities and differences to quickly be examined. ), 2.76% (2021 est. Source: Wikipedia, 2023; UNData, 2023. Though oil was discovered in Cuba in the early 1900s, it wasn . Moody's rating: Caa2 (2014)note: The year refers to the year in which the current credit rating was first obtained. )industry: 22.7% (2017 est. - Haiti's proximity to a tectonic plate boundary helps explain the January 2010 earthquake. White elites still stayed in power and blacks still faced heavy discrimination. ), 47.7% of GDP (2017 est. The revolutions that took place in the United States, France, Haiti, and Latin America were all influenced by one another. Applicant is not required to be present when applying for Cuba tourist visa. Editors note: Second of a three-part series. Official development assistance (ODA) is defined as government aid that promotes and specifically targets the economic development and welfare of developing countries. Human Development Index 0.521: 0.855: GDP per capita: $1,300 US: $10,200 US: Literacy Rate 52.9%: 99.8%: Corruption Perception Index 1.4: 4.3: Percentage of Women in Parliament . Help us by suggesting a value. . )carbon dioxide emissions: 28.28 megatons (2016 est. The Organization of American States (OAS) is a multilateral regional body focused on human rights, electoral oversight, social and economic development, and security in the Western Hemisphere . An interior basin, known as the Central Plateau in Haiti and the San Juan Valley in the Dominican Republic, occupies about 150 square miles (390 square km) in the centre of the country. Editor's note: Second of a three-part series. )$29.89 billion (31 December 2016 est. Haiti. Haitis shores are generally rocky, rimmed with cliffs, and indented by a number of excellent natural harbours. Cuba. The United States is Haiti's largest trading partner. Archaeological evidence comes from sites in Cuba, Haiti, the Dominican Republic and the Lesser Antilles. There is a real need . )1.74% (2019 est. As a result of efforts begun in December 2014 to reestablish diplomatic relations with the Cuban Government, which were severed in January 1961, the US and Cuba reopened embassies in their respective countries in July 2015. In the 17th century it was a stronghold of privateers and pirates from various countries. Duvalier broke off relations first after the United States urged member-states of the Organisation of American States to cut ties with Cuba after the Cuban Revolution. The death rate, also called crude death rate, represents the number of annual deaths per 1,000 people at midyear. The most obvious is the country's tourism boom, which is a new, important source of income on the island. Jamaica is some 120 miles (190 km) west of the southern peninsula . )imports: 0 cubic meters (2021 est. . The rebels create their own provisional government and designed a strategy to attack the western part of the island, instead of fighting a limited war like the Ten Years War.